The Next Move  /  A Working Paper
Draft 03  ·  For A. Daou Markus · Pissarro · Do  ·  2026
Asking Better Questions  /  Annabel Daou  ·  Fortune

What stops the expansion
is not the work.
It is the unknown yield.

Not sure that it’ll come.  — the honest unknown

Fortune has been running, on invitation, since 2013 — in cities Annabel has not been the one writing the email. The practice already works. The question David put to her on a Sunday in May was different: what would it cost to grow the practice on its own initiative — and what, exactly, is the verdict if nothing comes of the attempt? The interview climbs five rungs — scene, unit, cost, mirror, ladder — and does not argue with the practice. It argues with the expansion.

Interview by David Markus  ·  Subject Annabel Daou  ·  Editor Jesse Do  ·  Course Asking Better Questions, with Paul Pissarro  ·  2026
Contents

A ladder, climbed once.

David's instruction, before the climb began: "Every time you reach for what it could be, I'm going to bring you back to what it is. Today, we're not here to grow it. We're here to find the thing that stops you." The five rungs below are his structure for examining a possible second move — not the practice (which is thirteen years old and works), but the question of whether to attempt a pursued, expanded version of it. The sixth thing, the deliberation Annabel names at the top of the ladder, is hers.

I.  The Scene

Where the excitement lives. Where it goes quiet.

David's first question did not ask Annabel to describe Fortune. It asked her to describe the habitat of the excitement around Fortune — the most recent moment the commercial idea returned, in a specific room, on a specific street, at a specific time of day. The excitement, he said, has a habitat. Locate it before you argue with it.

Annabel found it immediately. She had been walking the corner near East Broadway, past a storefront with stairs — really cool, but down and out — and there was a window for rent. She photographed the sun on it. The familiar thought arrived: wouldn't it be cool to just run this as a spot that's constant. A long-term place. A site where Fortune lives, not where it is set up and broken down.

Then David asked the inverse. The last time the excitement went quiet — where was she. Annabel could not date that moment, but the picture came: she was walking past the place she used to do Fortune, and the thought returned in a different register. It's a lot of work to do it right. Do I have the time to do that for the money?

The action between those two moments was concrete. She committed to do Fortune at an event on the 30th, decided to build the site first — so that if I decide to continue, when people land on it, they see what it actually is — talked to Jesse and Paul, rebuilt the site, publicized the event, and is now doing it on the 30th.

Redline note  ·  the rule of the climb

David's opening rule, said out loud before the first question: every time you reach for what it could be, I'm going to bring you back to what it is. Today, we're not here to grow it. We're here to find the thing that stops you. Hold that rule across every section that follows.

The loud scene

A window, a sun, a constant spot.

The corner near East Broadway. A storefront for rent. Stairs. The sun in the photograph. The thought: run this as a spot that's constant.

The habitat of the excitement. The moment Fortune is most likely to argue for its own expansion.
The quiet scene

Walking past the place she used to do it.

The thought arrives in a lower register. It's a lot of work to do it right. Do I have the time to do that for the money?

The habitat of the doubt. Not against the idea — against the cost.

Between the two scenes, one concrete act: she committed to the May 30 event, rebuilt the site, talked to her collaborators, publicized it. The site is the architecture for a yes she has not yet given.

“Wouldn’t it be cool to just run this as a spot that’s constant?” — Annabel, on the East Broadway window
II.  The Unit

What gets made and sold one time.

David refused the abstraction. He did not let Annabel describe Fortune as an evening, or a season, or a body of work. He asked for the unit. What is the single thing that gets made and sold one time. The unit is the thing the rest of the math is built on, and if the unit is wrong, every later calculation lies.

Annabel's first answer reached for the wrong scale — a three-to-four-hour fortune event. Paul, breaking in once, sharpened the question. The unit is one fortune. The fortune is what gets sold. Annabel, conceding, put it precisely: one interaction for twenty dollars. Ten minutes of the action itself; ten minutes of preliminary preparation, cumulatively. Twenty minutes for twenty dollars.

The unit is therefore a dollar a minute, before any fixed costs of venue, paper, or transit. That is the unit she is selling. Everything in the rest of the paper is what happens when that unit is multiplied or batched against fixed costs.

The block math falls out immediately. A two-hour block: six fortunes an hour, twelve fortunes, $240. Organization for the block — paper, setup, the table — is roughly fixed at two hours. So a two-hour block is four hours of total work for $240. The interesting margin lives in extending the doing while the organizing stays the same length: at four hours of fortune, the organizing is still only two hours, and every additional two hours of doing adds $240 against a fixed setup cost.

The cost side of the unit — venue rent, materials per session, transit — is not yet calculated in this paper. It is the open variable. A future revision can compute the break-even unit count against a real venue figure. For now, the unit price is firm; the unit cost is a held question.

The unit
One fortune
Action time
10 min
Preparation, cumulative
10 min
Unit duration
20 min
Unit price
$20
Implied rate
$1 / minute
A two-hour block
12 fortunes
Block revenue
$240
Setup & organizing
2 hours (fixed)
Total time invested
4 hours
Effective rate
$60 / hour

Extending the doing against fixed organizing is where the margin lives. Four hours of fortune is still two hours of setup. The setup is a step-function, not a slope.

“Twenty for twenty.” — Annabel, after the math
III.  The Cost

What commercial practice does to the work.

David asked the values question without naming it as a values question. What do you believe a commercial practice does to the work itself. Not what you've heard the other artists say. What you believe. Annabel's first word, after a pause, was two-pronged. She held both prongs without resolving them.

On one side, commerce frees the work from the limitations of the art world and the spaces in which the work can be facilitated. The galleries, the rooms, the institutional logic that says where a piece like Fortune can appear and in front of whom. Commerce, in her account, would loosen that. It would give Fortune far more breadth.

On the other side, commerce raises the question of how to keep it conceptually sound. Not whether to keep it sound — that part is non-negotiable — but the question of how. A commercial practice introduces a new pressure on the work whose only honest answer is a posture, not a policy.

Then David tightened. Finish this honestly. If I sold work at unit scale, and broke even, the thing I'd be afraid I had lost is —. Annabel's answer was not money. It was time. Depending on how much time I did it for, I may consider that I've lost time. Doing it once every couple of months and breaking even would feel like keeping the practice going. Doing it two hours every day for a week and breaking even would feel like the wrong use of the time — the same publicity at one-fifth the labor.

And then, the diagnostic moment. David: and the excitement — when it arrives, what does it let you avoid having to decide? Annabel: whether it is a financially and time-viable pursuit. The excitement is, by her own account, the thing that lets her not decide.

What scale frees

Breadth.

Commerce loosens the work from the limitations of the art world and the spaces that can host it. It gives Fortune the breadth a gallery cannot.

"It gives it far more breadth."
What scale costs

Time, if not soundness.

If the practice broke even at high volume, the lost thing would be time — not money, not purity. The same publicity could be earned in one day instead of five.

"I may consider that I've lost time."
Redline note  ·  the excitement defense

The excitement, on her own account, is what arrives when the viability question would otherwise have to be answered. It does not lie about the work; it postpones the cost-benefit. David's rule from the preamble cuts directly here: every time you reach for what it could be, come back to what it is.

“The excitement makes me think, oh my god, I just want to do it, and it's just gonna happen, and it's gonna work, and all of that. It keeps me from actually really thinking whether or not I can afford to do it for that much time without making some kind of profit or some publicity that makes it move the needle.”
Annabel, on the function of the excitement
“The thing I’d be afraid I had lost is —
time.— Annabel, on what break-even would actually cost
IV.  The Mirror

Who you are without it. Who you are if it works.

David's mirror was a pair of questions in succession, with no time to argue between them. Who are you as an artist if you never integrate the commercial side at all. Describe her. And then, immediately: who are you if it works. If you break even and the practice is genuinely sustainable. Is this someone you want to be, or someone you're wary of becoming?

The first version of Annabel — the one without commerce — answered easily. Fortune would remain an esoteric aspect of her practice. A long-running work that some people know about. Low-key. Not nothing. Not failure. Just bounded.

The second version — the one with commerce working — described a self she was not wary of. She would be excited if Fortune became a pretty integrated part of her practice. If she could do it in a way that didn't cost her time and money but was numerative. Breaking even, if not a little bit more. Helping to get her work into other places. Disseminating the work. Her reputation.

The mirror returned a single, unambiguous read. The version of the artist she wants to become is the integrated one. The wariness is not of who she'd be if it worked. It is of trying for the integrated version and finding that nothing comes. That she'd give it over and the needle would not move.

Mirror A  ·  without commerce

The low-key esoteric.

Fortune stays a long-running work some people know about. Bounded. An aspect of her practice that may or may not ever be more.

Not refused. Not failed. Just held at its current scale.
Mirror B  ·  with commerce working

The integrated practice.

Fortune is a pretty integrated part of her work. Numerative. Breaking even or a little more. Disseminating the work and the reputation.

"I would be excited if this became a pretty integrated part of my practice."
Redline note  ·  what the mirror returns

She is not afraid of who she would become if Fortune worked. The fear is not in the success state. The fear is in the act of giving herself over to the attempt without certainty that the attempt yields anything. That is a different fear; it has a different remedy; and the next section names it.

“I would be excited if this became a pretty integrated part of my practice.” — Annabel, on the version she wants
V.  The Ladder

The rung where the expansion question stalls.

At the end, David named the structure of the climb. We've been climbing a ladder this whole period without naming it. Where you are, what you do, what you're able to do, what you believe, who you are, what it's all for. Somewhere on that ladder is the thing that stops you. It isn't on every rung. It's on one. Which rung was it?

To be precise about what the ladder is: it is not the ladder of the practice. The practice has been climbing it, on invitation, since 2013. This ladder is the one a second move would have to climb — the move that converts Fortune from an invited practice into a pursued one. Each rung was tested in the interview. Five passed. One did not. Annabel said the name of that rung in a single word, and then, given time, unpacked it.

Rung 01

Where you are.

The scene  ·  concrete habitat of the excitement

Located in Section I. The East Broadway window. The walk past the old spot. The May 30 event. The scene is anchored, in a real city, at a real time, with a real next date on the calendar.

Status

Not the block. The scene is real and named.

Anchored
Rung 02

What you do.

The unit  ·  one interaction for twenty dollars

Located in Section II. One fortune, twenty minutes, twenty dollars. Twelve per two-hour block. Two hours of fixed setup against a step-function. The math is legible.

Status

Not the block. The unit is named and the block math falls out cleanly. Variable cost (venue, materials) is the next number to compute, not a barrier.

Legible
Rung 03

What you're able to do.

Skills  ·  the practice vs. the marketing

Her own answer: "I have every skill I need for doing it. I don't know if I have the skill to market it in a larger way." The practice itself is fully held in her hands. The marketing is the gap — and she has named, in the pre-interview, the possibility of a trusted person who could absorb that layer.

Status

Not the block, but the rung with the most concrete missing piece. The gap is locatable: a marketing-side collaborator who comprehends the work.

Gap, locatable
Rung 04

What you believe.

The cost  ·  commerce frees and tests the work

Located in Section III. Two-pronged: commerce gives the work breadth; commerce raises the question of conceptual soundness. The fear at break-even is loss of time, not loss of purity. Excitement is the defense that lets the viability question be postponed.

Status

Not the block. The belief is articulate and self-aware enough to identify its own defenses.

Articulate
Rung 05

Who you are. What it’s all for.

The mirror  ·  the integrated practice is wanted

Located in Section IV. The wanted version is the integrated one. The wariness is not of becoming successful. The mirror is unambiguous about the destination.

Status

Not the block. The identity question resolved cleanly when she was asked it directly.

Resolved
Rung 06 The deliberation

Commitment to the attempt.

The one-word answer  ·  commitment to the expansion, not to the practice

Asked which rung the climb stalls on, Annabel answered in a single word: commitment. The word is precise, and the distinction it draws is the whole paper. The practice itself is thirteen years committed — that is not in question and has not been for a long time. What is in question is the commitment to a second, separate attempt: to pursue a longer-running, more remunerative version of Fortune, knowing the practice that already exists is entirely satisfactory and the yield of the attempt is unknown.

Her unpacking, near-verbatim: "I don't want to be disappointed, or just find myself doing it the way that I have been doing it so far, which is entirely satisfactory… but if I did try to do it where I built it into something where I felt like it was a longer-running practice that actually could be remunerative — getting hired to do it in places, having some press around it, being able to use it to get other exhibitions — all of the kind of stuff that could come from it if I really gave myself over to doing it. I'm not sure that it'll come."

What is and isn’t the deliberation

It is not the work — the work is held. It is not the unit, the skill in doing, the values, or the wanted self. Each of those returned a clean read. The deliberation sits between the practice that already works and the attempt that may or may not add anything to it. The honest possibility is that the attempt yields nothing the practice did not already have.

The move that fits this rung is not a bigger plan. It is a bounded expansion attempt with a clear verdict condition — a scoped move whose cost is finite, whose answer is reached by a named date, and whose failure mode leaves the existing practice fully intact.

Bounded expansionVerdict by a named datePractice protected
“I’m not sure that it’ll come.” — Annabel, on the honest unknown of the attempt
VI.  The Design

Designing the bounded expansion attempt.

Annabel — this is for you. Seven questions about the design of the attempt, not the practice. The point is not to test your readiness — the practice is thirteen years held. It is to surface which corner of a possible expansion attempt is still soft, before the May 30 event becomes the inadvertent test. The seventh question is the commitment statement that would convert this from a deliberation into a scoped move.

Design score  ·  0–21
Answer the seven questions above to surface which corner of the expansion attempt is still soft. Low scores aren't a verdict on the practice; they are the signal of which part of the attempt to firm up first.

The bounded attempt, in your own words.

What stalls the climb is not a missing plan; it is the absence of a scoped expansion attempt whose cost is finite and whose verdict you will hold. Write one — three to five sentences. What are you committing to attempt between now and a named date, what would count as moving the needle, and what happens to the attempt if by that date the needle has not moved? (The practice itself is not on trial — only the attempt is.)

— David, Paul & Jesse

Appendix  ·  The transcript

The climb, in their own voices.

Lightly cleaned for readability. David in italic. Annabel in roman. Paul, breaking in twice from off-camera, in lighter italic. Pauses, false starts, and small ellipses preserved where they carry the rhythm of the thinking; meeting-setup chatter omitted.

David
Okay, so before we start — one rule. You told us something important: that you can talk yourself out of clarity by getting excited about how big this could become. So here's the deal for the next hour. Every time you reach for what it could be, I'm going to bring you back to what it is. Not because the expansion is wrong. Because today, we're not here to grow it. We're here to find the thing that stops you. Deal?
Annabel
Got it.
David
Okay. Part one — the scene. Think of the most recent time the commercial idea came back. The last time you got excited about it. Where were you? What time of day? What was around you? Anchor it in a specific scene, not a general feeling. The impulse has a habitat.
Annabel
I was walking around the corner from the spot on East Broadway, and there is this window that’s for rent. In this really cool, but down and out, building storefront with stairs. And I saw it, and I photographed the sun. And I had that same feeling I have, which is — wouldn’t it be cool to just run this as a spot that’s constant. And be able to turn it into a long-term spot.
David
Now, the other moment. The last time that excitement went quiet, or you set the idea down — where were you? What were you doing?
Annabel
I don’t remember, but it probably was going past the place that I used to do it, and thinking — you know, it’s a lot of work to do it right. Do I have the time to do that for the money?
David
So between these two moments, the excitement and the quiet — what did you actually do? Walk me through the actions in order.
Annabel
Well, there’s a space that I’m not quite sure how much time was in between them. But I decided to do it at this event on the 30th, and to try to build the site first, so that I have something — that if I decide to continue, when people land on it, they see what it actually is. And if I decide to promote it. So I talked to Jesse and Paul, and Jesse helped me rebuild it. I’ve publicized it now, and I’m doing it on the 30th.
David
Okay. Part two — what is the unit? If this commercial practice exists, what is the single thing that gets made and sold one time? Try to name a concrete unit. Like, one print, one edition, one object, one hour.
Annabel
A three-to-four-hour fortune event. Or — several times a week, a couple of hours at the same location.
David
Okay, but what is the one unit? I think it’s more like maybe the one fortune. Because the next question is, what does one unit cost you to make.
Paul
So this is actually asking a different question than you’re answering. The question is about unit economics — so I think the answer is, like, a fortune.
Annabel
Okay. I’m selling one interaction for twenty dollars. The cost — paper and so on — twenty dollars is ten minutes of work, and probably cumulatively another ten minutes of preliminary work. Because I never do just one at a time. I do, you know, eighteen to twenty at each sitting.
David
Okay. So break-even is how many units.
Annabel
So it’s twenty minutes for twenty dollars — ten minutes preliminary and ten minutes of the action. So, twenty for twenty.
David
Is there a skill this requires that you don’t yet have? Pricing, selling, repeating the same object, talking about money — or do you have every skill you need and still not do it.
Annabel
I have every skill I need for doing it. I don’t know if I have the skill — I haven’t tested to see if I have the skill — to market it in a larger way. Which could eventually include charging more for certain sessions, or having such a consistent setup that the two-hour preliminary work isn’t even relevant. It’s already set in place.
David
Part three — the cost. What do you believe a commercial practice does to the work itself? Not what you’ve heard the other artists say. What you believe.
Annabel
I think it’s two-pronged. One is — the commercial aspect frees it in some way from the limitations of it. Of the art world, and the limitations of the spaces that it can be facilitated in. And it also raises the question of how to keep it very conceptually sound.
David
Raises the question of how to keep it conceptually sound.
Annabel
I think it makes it — I think it gives it far more breadth.
David
So finish this honestly. If I sold work at unit scale, and broke even, the thing I’d be afraid I had lost is —
Annabel
Depending on how much time I did it for, I may consider that I’ve lost time. So if I did it once every couple of months and broke even, I’d probably feel that that was keeping the practice going and promoting the work. If I did it for two hours every day for a week and just broke even, I’d feel that it was perhaps not completely the best use of my time. That I could accomplish the same amount of publicity, breaking even, by doing it one day. Than doing it five.
David
Okay — and the excitement. When it arrives, what does it let you avoid having to decide?
Annabel
Whether it’s a financially and time-viable pursuit. The excitement makes me think, oh my god, I just want to do it, and it’s just gonna happen, and it’s gonna work, and all of that. It keeps me from actually really thinking whether or not I can afford to do it for that much time — without making some kind of profit, or getting some kind of publicity, or some press, or something that makes it move the needle a little.
David
Part four — the mirror. So, who are you as an artist if you never integrate the commercial side at all? Describe her. Who you are.
Annabel
If this is only dealing with fortune — which I think is probably the best way to stay with it — it would remain a kind of esoteric aspect of my practice that may or may not ever be more than something that’s just a long-running work that some people know about. But that’s pretty low-key.
David
And who are you if it works? If you break even, and the practice is genuinely sustainable. Is this someone you want to be, or someone you’re wary of becoming?
Annabel
There have been moments when doing it, when it has been tiring, so it would be difficult to access that. But I very often — I would be excited if this became a pretty integrated part of my practice. If I could do it in such a way that it didn’t cost me time and money, but actually was numerative. At least breaking even, if not a little bit more. And also helping to get my work into other places, and disseminate my work. And my reputation.
David
Okay. So we’ve been climbing a ladder this whole period without naming it. Where you are. What you do. What you’re able to do. What you believe. Who you are. What it’s all for. Somewhere on that ladder is the thing that stops you. It isn’t on every rung. It’s on one. Which rung was it? You can, like, name the block in a single sentence.
Annabel
Commitment.
David
It’s a short sentence.
Annabel
I think what blocks it is — knowing that if I begin this, and I don’t want to be disappointed, or just find myself doing it the way that I have been doing it so far, which is entirely satisfactory. But I’m not against that. But if I did try to do it where I built it into something where I felt like it was a longer-running practice that actually could be remunerative — by getting hired to do it in places, having some press around it, being able to use it to get other exhibitions — all of the kind of stuff that could come from it if I really gave myself over to doing it. I’m not sure that it’ll come. So I think that I kind of am trying to find the time — trying to decide whether the time and effort commitment is something I’m ready to do. So I think that keeps blocking me. Committing myself to trying to make it something more long-running, or more expansive.
Coda  ·  The rule

What it could be. What it is.

The rule David named in the preamble is the rule the paper closes on. It is not advice. It is the rule under which any bounded expansion attempt would or wouldn’t hold — and the rule by which the existing practice, which is the success state, gets to remain the success state.

“Every time you reach for what it could be, I’m going to bring you back to what it is.— David, in the preamble  ·  the rule of the climb
Redline note  ·  what the rule installs

The rule is a defense against the very excitement Annabel later identified as the thing that lets her avoid deciding. It rejects the grow-it-bigger move and installs the bounded-attempt move. What it could be is forever and unfalsifiable. What it is, today, is a thirteen-year practice that already works on invitation — and an unsettled question about whether to make a second, scoped attempt to grow it on its own initiative.

The next move — the only one this paper recommends — is the bounded-attempt statement in Section VI. Three to five sentences. What is attempted, what counts as moving the needle, and what happens by a named date if the needle doesn’t move. The practice keeps running either way. Only the attempt is on trial.